第593章
新笔趣阁(52xbq.com)更新快,无弹窗!
受程时的影响,张自强现在去哪里都喜欢逛书店,然后买机械,电气类的专业书回来。
加上程时请林雪霁和卢再雪帮忙从港城带一些最新的专业期刊回来,所以厂里的书现在挺多的。
程时索性在厂里搞了个休息阅读室,把专业书籍都摆在里面。
工人们中午休息的时候会进去看书或者午休。
这天程时下楼的时候,看见刘光荣和小李在讨论机床,边上还围着一圈工人在听。
程时站停在楼梯上听了听,原来他们在讨论并联机床和串联机床。
今年有个德意志的工程师提出了并联机构理论,通过一根固定和5根可伸缩杆件的六杆并联结构实现主轴的5轴自由度运动,据说这个结构具有高刚度、高精度和高速加工的潜力。刚度比传统串联机床高3倍,定位精度达±10μm。
可是因为太超前,实际运用要到1996年才有。
小李说:“我觉得这帮外国人就太理想化。运动学正解需要求解非线性方程组,世界上哪怕是最先进的数控系统都做不到。理论的优势潜力如果不能通过技术条件。比如计算机算力、传感器精度来实现,那就等于没用甚至是错误的。”
刘光荣:“任何一个新技术,从提出理论到应用于实践要花费很多年。”
小李:“他们只是提出了理论没有任何长期可靠实验数据来验证,等于就是瞎说。而且他们自己都说了,在工作空间边界存在奇异位形,可能导致机构失去刚度或无法执行特定运动。比如当可伸缩杆长度接近零时,机构会失去对某些方向的控制力。所以不但是计算有问题,就连刚度和运动可靠性都有问题。总结起来,就是他说的三个优点其实全部不存在。”
刘光荣:“人家都说了是理论上了。”
小李:“好就算理论上全部都是对的。实践中也全不能实现。我们计算一下成本。现在串联机床技术这么成熟,国际上一台五轴数控机床的售价根据公司和生产国不同而不同也要大约200到500万美刀。如果是用新的并联技术,在克服刚才说的那么多问题之后,你想一想研发成本该有多高。研发成本平摊到产品上有多可怕。如果实际加工效率和各方面性能并未显著超过之前的串联机床,压根就不会有企业愿意投资。”
“先驱者付出的代价总是会大一点。”刘光荣实在是不知道该怎么说,看程时下来了,想看到救星一样,忙说,“时哥,你来说说,这个并联机床到底值不值得。”
程时说:“你们说的我都听到了。我非常支持并联机床的研发。相对论从提出来到现在也有几十年了,一直没有运用到实际中,但是并不妨碍它成为最伟大的物理理论之一。”
“奇异点的问题,是因为缺乏有效的补偿方法。以后计算机和算法飞速发展,这个问题很快就能解决。”
小李摇头:“我真是觉得不值得。开创者说的那些优点根本就没有理论是实践依据。”
程时:“好,我们就来分析一下。首先说刚度。并联机床的刚度显著高于串联机床,这一优势主要源于其独特的结构设计和力学特性。”
“并联机床通过多根支链,通常为6杆,连接动平台与定平台,形成封闭的空间桁架结构。这种结构类似于建筑中的桁架,所有支链仅承受拉压载荷,而无弯矩或扭矩,材料利用率接近理论极限。”
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